Fennel and Rue — Reading Companion

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Howells, William Dean, 1837-1920 Project Gutenberg 2004 Not confirmed
Editors -- Fiction; Novelists -- Fiction; Fan mail -- Fiction Readers of public-domain and historical texts
Project Gutenberg digital edition en

Edition facts

Words 39,737
Reading time 173 min
Text sections 6

Before opening Fennel and Rue — Reading Companion, the edition data offers a quick orientation: 39,737 words, 2 hr 53 min estimated reading time, and 6 detected text sections.

The text analysis averages about 17.1 words per sentence, while the detected sections provide another way to judge how the source is divided.

Project Gutenberg metadata also associates the work with “Editors -- Fiction,” connecting these edition facts with the source record’s subject description.

Howells examines the literary marketplace through novelist Verrian's correspondence with readers, focusing on a fan letter that blurs fiction and reality. The narrative shifts between ironic commentary and psychological tension, with dialogue that reveals character through hesitation and indirection.
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Editorial Edition Score 4.7/5

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  • Description quality20 pts
  • Title & short description10 pts
  • Source metadata20 pts
  • Text length15 pts
  • Chapters / structure15 pts
  • EPUB file integrity20 pts

Total of 100 points, scaled to a 2.5-5.0 range. Editions with an empty description or a missing EPUB file are not scored.

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Read the Text

the editor’s judgment, when Verrian came to him, except the fact that he was a poet as well as an editor. He read in a silence as great as the author’s the letter which Verrian submitted. Then he remained pondering it for as long a space before he said, “That is very touching.”

Verrian jumped to his question. “Do you mean that we ought to send her the proofs of the story?”

“No,” the editor faltered, but even in this decision he did not deny the author his sympathy. “You’ve touched bottom in that story, Verrian. You may go higher, but you can never go deeper.”

Verrian flushed a little. “Oh, thank you!”

“I’m not surprised the girl wants to know how you manage your problem--such a girl, standing in the shadow of the other world, which is always eclipsing this, and seeing how you’ve caught its awful outline.”

Verrian made a grateful murmur at the praise. “That is what my mother felt. Then you have no doubt of the good faith--”

“No,” the editor returned, with the same quantity, if not the same quality, of reluctance as before. “You see, it would be too daring.”

“Then why not let her have the proofs?”

“The thing is so unprecedented--”

“Our doing it needn’t form a precedent.”

“And if you’ve no doubt of its being a true case--”

“We must prove that it is, or, rather, we must make her prove it. I quite feel with you about it. If I were to act upon my own impulse, my own convictions, I should send her the rest of the story and take the chances. But she may be an enterprising journalist in disguise it’s astonishing what women will do when they take to newspaper work--and we have no right to risk anything, for the magazine’s sake, if not yours and mine. Will you leave this letter with me?”

“I expected to leave the whole affair in your hands. Do you mind telling me what you propose to do? Of course, it won’t be anything--abrupt--”

“Oh no; and I don’t mind telling you what has occurred to me. If this is a true case, as you say, and I’ve no question but it is, the writer will be on confidential terms with her pastor as well as her doctor and I propose asking her to get him to certify, in any sort of general terms, to her identity. I will treat the matter delicately--Or, if you prefer to write to her yourself--”

“Oh no, it’s much better for you to do it; you can do it authoritatively.”

“Yes, and if she isn’t the real thing, but merely a woman journalist trying to work us for a ‘story’ in her Sunday edition, we shall hear no more from her.”

“I don’t see anything to object to in your plan,” Verrian said, upon reflection. “She certainly can’t complain of our being cautious.”

“No, and she won’t. I shall have to refer the matter to the house--”

“Why, certainly! I couldn’t take a step like that without the approval of the house.”

“No,” Verrian assented, and he made a note of the writer’s address from the letter. Then, after a moment spent in looking hard at the letter, he gave it back to the editor and went abruptly away.

He had proof, the next morning, that the editor had acted promptly, at least so far as regarded the house. The house had approved his plan, if one could trust the romantic paragraph which Verrian found in his paper at breakfast, exploiting the fact concerned as one of the interesting evidences of the hold his serial had got with the magazine readers. He recognized in the paragraph the touch of the good fellow who prepared the weekly bulletins of the house, and offered the press literary intelligence in a form ready for immediate use. The case was fairly stated, but the privacy of the author’s correspondent was perfectly guarded; it was not even made known that she was a woman. Yet Verrian felt, in reading the paragraph, a shock of guilty dismay, as if he had betrayed a confidence reposed in him, and he handed the paper across the table to his mother with rather a sick look.

The novel opens not with a dramatic scene but with a dry, almost clinical assessment of a writer's career: Verrian's success "did not come early, and it did not come easily." Howells immediately establishes a narrator who dissects the literary marketplace with ironic precision, noting that editors accepted Verrian's work "from their consciences" and that his serial's bitterness "proved agreeable to a number of readers unexpectedly great." This detached, analytical voice governs the early chapters, but it gradually gives way to a more dramatic mode as the story progresses.

From Ironic Distance to Psychological Intimacy

The narrative voice in the opening chapters is that of a shrewd observer, fond of parenthetical asides and balanced judgments. Howells writes that Verrian's story "was a man's story rather than a woman's story, as these may be distinguished; but quite for that reason women seemed peculiarly taken with it." The tone is knowing, slightly weary, and amused by the paradoxes of literary fame. Yet as Verrian receives a troubling fan letter, the prose tightens. The narrator's omniscience remains, but the focus narrows to Verrian's and his mother's shared anxiety: "They both perceived that they must refer it to the editor." The shift from general commentary to specific, tense decision-making marks a change in pace, moving from expansive reflection to concentrated action.

Dialogue as a Tool of Revelation and Concealment

Howells uses dialogue to reveal character through what is left unsaid. When Miss Shirley asks Verrian for help with a stage production, their exchange is a dance of polite evasion. She hesitates: "I thought—that perhaps—I don't know how to say it without seeming to make use of you—" He responds with a dry invitation: "Oh, do make use of me, Miss Shirley!" The rhythm of interruptions and self-corrections conveys social awkwardness and hidden motives. Later, when she nearly faints, her speech becomes fragmented: "Don't!" she entreated. "I'm a little—I shall be all right in a moment." The dialogue carries the emotional weight, allowing the narrator to step back and let the characters' words create tension.

Pacing Through Scene and Summary

Howells alternates between summary passages that compress time and scenic moments that unfold in real time. The early career summary covers years in a few paragraphs, while the encounter with Miss Shirley at Mrs. Westangle's house is rendered in extended, minute-by-minute detail. The stage-gauze scene is particularly slow: she tries different fabrics, poses, and asks for opinions, while Verrian watches. The narrator notes "a thrill pierced to Verrian's heart; she was indeed wraithlike." This sudden, visceral reaction breaks the leisurely pace, injecting a moment of genuine emotion. The contrast between the measured, analytical opening and the charged, immediate later scenes creates a rhythm that keeps the reader engaged without melodrama.

Readers attentive to Howells's narrative craft will find that the novel's interest lies less in plot than in the subtle shifts of tone and perspective. The early irony gives way to a more intimate, psychological mode, while dialogue becomes a vehicle for unspoken tensions. Pay attention to how the narrator's distance varies—sometimes a cool observer, sometimes a participant in the characters' unease. The pacing, too, rewards close reading: the alternation between summary and scene creates a rhythm that mirrors Verrian's own fluctuating fortunes.

I find myself returning to how Verrian’s correspondence blurs the writer’s world with the reader’s longing, much like the quiet essays in Studies and Essays: Quality, and Others — A Closer Reading linger over what makes a sentence feel true. Both whisper, in their own decades, that the smallest attentions—a hesitation, a door left ajar—hold more kinship than any grand plot.

Michael Ramirez
3 weeks ago

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5 out of 5 (1 User reviews )

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